From Junk To Fragility: Nutritional Pathways Linking Obesity And Osteoporosis- A Review Study

Abstract

Obesity and osteoporosis, once considered unrelated or even inversely correlated, are now understood to share a complex and interconnected pathophysiology. This review explores how unhealthy dietary patterns—especially those rich in processed, calorie-dense, nutrient-poor foods—contribute to obesity and, subsequently, lead to bone fragility and osteoporosis. Integrating insights from modern science and classical Ayurvedic texts, the article examines mechanisms such as chronic inflammation, hormonal imbalances, marrow adiposity, and micronutrient deficiencies. Obesity-related metabolic changes, including elevated cytokines and disrupted leptin and insulin signaling, significantly impair bone remodeling. Ayurveda explains this degeneration through the concept of Meda Dhatu Vriddhi, which disturbs the sequential nourishment of Asthi Dhatu, leading to Asthi Kshaya. The review underscores how Ama formation, Agni Dushti, and Kapha-Meda accumulation further obstruct bone nourishment. Through a dual-lens approach, the paper emphasizes the urgent need for dietary reform and integrative preventive strategies. Promoting Agni, reducing Kapha-aggravating foods, and adopting balanced nutrition may not only address obesity but also strengthen skeletal health. This fusion of Ayurveda and biomedicine offers a comprehensive understanding of the "junk to fragility" transition and guides future research and public health initiatives.