Association Between Maternal Blood Vitamin D Levels And Neonatal Anthropometry In A Tertiary Care Hospital In Chennai

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:-

Vitamin D deficiency is surprisingly common in tropical nations like India, despite abundant sunlight. While vitamin D can be obtained from fish oil, fortified foods, and supplements, sunlight remains the primary source, and insufficient UVB exposure contributes to widespread deficiency. Pregnant women are particularly vulnerable, as they need adequate levels for both their own health and fetal development. Studies from countries like Turkey, Greece, Iran, Australia, and Pakistan have shown high rates of vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women and newborns, with similar trends observed among Indian women. Maintaining adequate vitamin D levels during pregnancy is critical for maternal and child health.

AIM & OBJECTIVES: This study aims to evaluate vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women and its correlation with neonatal anthropometric measurements. The objective is to assess maternal vitamin D levels and their impact on newborn growth.

MATERIALS & METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Sree Balaji Medical College in Tamil Nadu, including 88 healthy mothers of singleton births. Maternal and cord blood were analyzed for 25(OH)D3 using chemiluminescence immunoassay. Neonatal anthropometric data were recorded, and statistical analysis was done using SPSS.

RESULTS: Of the mothers, 51% were moderately vitamin D deficient, and 13% had sufficient levels. Among newborns, 84.1% had normal birth weights, and significant correlations were found between maternal vitamin D levels and neonatal measurements.

CONCLUSION: This study suggests that maternal vitamin D levels influence newborn anthropometry, emphasizing the need for adequate vitamin D levels during pregnancy. Larger studies are needed to confirm these findings before implementing supplementation programs.