Age and Lipid Profile: Key Predictors of Gallstone Risks

Abstract

Background: Gall stone diseases occurrence among Iraqi patients is high due to ethnic background & dietary habit. Because of ethnic foundation & dietary pattern, Cholelithiasis propagation is very high in Iraqi patients.

Aims: to show how age and serum lipid profile affect the formation of gallstone disease in Iraqi patients.

Patients and Methods: The study includes 90 patients; 60 female patients, 30 male patients with gallstone disease. Patient’s age, Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides, Lipoproteins (LDL, VLDL, and HDL) were collected & studied.

Result: The study compared demographic characteristics and lipid profiles between patients with gallstones and controls without gallstones. Mean age and sex distribution were similar between two groups, but family history of gallstones was more common in patients. Regarding lipid profiles, patients had significantly higher levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low density lipoprotein, while controls had higher levels of high-density lipoprotein. The Total Cholesterol/High Density Lipoprotein ratio was significantly elevated in patients compared to controls. This ratio showed good predictive value for identifying high risk fibrosis, with a cutoff value of 3.68, sensitivity of 80%, and specificity of 98.5%.

Conclusion: Gallstone formation involves elevated serum lipids, especially cholesterol and triglycerides. While females are more prone to gallstones, the exact link between lipid levels and gender is uncertain. Different populations show varied gallstone prevalence due to factors like race and diet. It is essential to comprehend these complexities in order to establish preventative and treatment plans that are effective.